The Director Of The Bureau Of Construction Of The Former Ministry Of Textile Industry Bravely Strides Forward To The Textile Power.

Zhao Dingxun, director of Construction Bureau of the Ministry of textile industry

Editor's note:

In the 70th anniversary and 70 years since the founding of the People's Republic of China in 2019, China's textile industry has been developing from a weak to a strong and has achieved all-round and pioneering development. Profound and fundamental changes have taken place. As the mother industry, the pioneer of opening to the outside world and the forerunner of economic system reform, the textile industry has made China the largest producer, consumer and exporter of textiles and clothing in the world.

In order to comprehensively review the historical process of China's textile industry in the past 70 years, we show the great changes in the textile industry from different angles, and record the story of the textile industry's courage to explore and forge ahead. The China Textile Industry Federation magazine "textile and clothing weekly" set up a column of "I and my motherland" to write articles to the enterprises, institutions, schools, groups and individuals in the industry, and to express their love for the party, the motherland and the good life through the praise of the brilliant achievements of the industry, and further show the textile industry's determination to win the dream of building a well-off society in an all round way and realize the great dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

Over 70 of people have entered the old age, and the 70 birthday of new China is in full bloom. I was assigned to the Ministry of textile industry in February 1951, and I grew up with the Republic.

In 1949, when the founding of new China was established, the Ministry of textile industry was composed of the Central People's government. The full name of the time was the Ministry of textile industry of the Central People's government. This shows that the central government attaches importance to people's livelihood industry. The historical development after the founding of the people's Republic of China has proved that the development of the textile industry not only directly solves the problem of little clothing, but also solves employment, accumulates capital, creates foreign exchange earnings and maintains social stability. At the beginning of the liberation, the state issued a discount bond. There was a leading item in the "real". Later, the development of voucher supply and textile industry's guarantee of cash delivery is both an economic task and a serious political task. The tasks undertaken by the Ministry of textile industry of new China are glorious and arduous.

Since the development of textile industry, it is not only a livelihood industry, but also an important fiber material industry. It is a member of the basic industry of national economy. All kinds of industrial fibers such as high modulus, high-strength fiber and carbon fiber are widely used in transportation, industrial and agricultural development, labor protection, aviation, aerospace, navigation, medical and health, entertainment, sports and so on. They are the pillar industries of the national economy. Compared with the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China, the textile industry is no longer the same as today. 　　

Three major problems solved successfully

In the early days of the Ministry of textile industry, it faced three major problems: equipment, raw materials and talents. I would like to talk about the general situation of textile industry in solving these three problems.

One is the equipment problem. The equipment known as "5 million spindles" left in old China is uneven, and the quantity is far from enough. Under the circumstances of poverty and blankness, the Ministry of textile industry proposed the development of self reliance and development of textile machinery. After the approval of the Central Committee, the Ministry of textile has established various textile machinery factories in accordance with the textile production process group, which not only meets the needs of domestic development and construction, but also becomes the first foreign aid industry in China.

Two, raw materials. The biggest bottleneck restricting the development of textile industry is raw materials. The main raw material of textile is cotton. There is a contradiction between cotton and food. In the thirty or forty years since the establishment of the Ministry of textile industry, we have never ceased seeking solutions to the problem of textile raw materials.

In the 50s of last century, we began to study the possibility of using wild fiber, such as cotton stalk bark, bagasse, sisal and so on. In 60s, he learned that he could use stones to make cloth, and introduced the Vigny Lun plant in Beijing, and then opened nine Vigny textile factories in the whole country. Later, the Baoding viscose fiber factory and the Lanzhou chemical fiber factory (acrylic fiber) were introduced, and three viscose factories were established in Dandong, Nanjing and Xinxiang. In 70s, the imported petrochemical equipment was put forward to solve the contradiction between grain and cotton. After that, the Ministry of textiles introduced the construction of Shanghai petrochemical, Tianjin oil, Liaoyang oil chemical fiber and Sichuan longevity natural gas polyvinyl alcohol, known as the four chemical fiber. The four major chemical fibers were put into operation and effectively solved the conflict between grain and cotton. The bottleneck of textile raw materials was cleared up. The state finally announced the abolition of textile voucher supply in 80s.

Three is the question of talents. The textile industry is a highly professional industry, and the development of textile requires a large number of professionals. Where do talents come from? Along with the textile industry coming, I conclude that there are three major experiences:

First, find heroes in the front line of production. In the 50s of last century, a large number of labor models and skilled craftsmen sprung up. Many of them had been trained as national leading posts, such as Li Ruihuan and Ni Zhifu. There are also a lot of labor models on the textile front, such as Hao Jianxiu's training and training through Chinese spinning. Two is to establish textile colleges and universities to train professional and technical personnel, such as the establishment of East China Textile Institute, Henan Zhengzhou technical school. Many of the technical personnel on the textile front are from the East China Textile Academy (now Donghua University). Three, we should give full play to the potential of existing talents and use the method of hens laying eggs to derive the talents needed by new factories from the old factories. The old factory is not only responsible for training new factories and new workers, but also establishing a backbone from the factory director to the workshop director and team leader. Now many chemical fiber professional personnel from chemical fiber factory from Baoding, Dandong, Yizheng and other mother plants diffuse.

Inherit and carry forward the textile spirit

Remembering these past events is not nostalgia. The socialist cause is developing rapidly, and the objective environment has changed a lot. Looking back, I want to learn something from it, and what I can learn and inherit. There are many experiences in the development of the textile industry. I understand that in solving the three major problems faced by the Ministry of textile industry, three basic spirits are worth inheriting and carrying forward by our textile people.

First, the spirit of seeking truth from facts. The textile industry starts from the overall situation, judges the situation and straightens out its position, and formulating development ideas in a realistic way. In the case of waste, the self-reliance is more effective than relying on others. The development of textile machinery is the case, so is the development of chemical fiber.

Second, the courage to bear the spirit. Textile industry to engage in textile machinery manufacturing, to engage in chemical fiber, there is no ready basis, to start from scratch, the difficulty can be imagined. As long as the textile industry is brave enough to play the role, if it decides what should be done, it will remain unwavering in the face of difficulties and persist in learning from practice, step by step to seize the problems arising from practice and earnestly solve the problems. Finally, it has received a successful one-off operation, trained talents and accumulated experience.

Third, seize the main contradiction, perseverance and grasp the spirit of the end. The main contradiction faced by the textile industry in the founding of new China is the lack of capacity. The textile industry mainly grasps two hands, one is to grasp the existing equipment and tap the potential to increase production, the other is to speed up the construction of new factories and increase production capacity.

Do everything possible to tap the existing capacity. The advanced operation method has been adopted to improve product quality and increase production efficiency. After three shifts, the rest of the workers did not stop. Later, the three shifts turned out to be four shifts and three operations because the workers in the evening class did not have a good rest. The production efficiency was improved and the workers' health was ensured. It is also used to increase vehicle speed to increase output, but when the speed is increased, power consumption is increased, material consumption is increased, and operator difficulty is increased. Later, the masses were mobilized to overcome difficulties, improve the quality of machine materials, strengthen equipment maintenance, and maintain high-speed operation and increase production capacity.

In regard to the construction of new factories, we have paid attention to the overall layout and adopted a new plant and a new plant site in the mainland, which is close to the cotton producing area. It has changed the situation of the old Chinese textile industry on the sea (Island) day (Tianjin), built textile bases in Henan, Shaanxi, Hebei, Beijing and other places, established the Textile Design Institute, and set up a spinning and weaving team, specialized in design and professional construction.

Reform and opening up have promoted the great development of the textile industry.

The textile industry is the leader of reform and opening up. The introduction of large-scale chemical equipment to build four major chemical fibers, textile is the leader. The construction of Yizheng chemical fiber, the use of CITIC bonds issued abroad to attract funds to build, textile is the first.

Originally, I always thought that in the 50s of last century, we could build and put into operation a medium-sized textile mill a year, and the efficiency was very high. Now it seems that the five or six textile bases are 500 thousand factories a year, and 5 million yuan for ten years. Now a factory is hundreds of thousands of ingots. Since the reform and opening up, it has increased to 100 billion spindles. Technology, management and capital have been introduced. Various types of textile enterprises are developing vigorously, developing in competition and improving in development.

The nineteen major party members have formulated the two centenary goals for the realization of the Chinese dream. We must unswervingly follow the Central Committee's plan and firmly follow China's own road and do well in China's own affairs. In his nineteen major reports, General Secretary Xi called on us, from building a well-off society in an all-round way to basically realizing socialist modernization, and then building a socialist modern power in an all-round way. It is the strategic arrangement for the development of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era. We must persist in persevering and persevering in compounding the magnificent chapter of socialist modernization. Under the guidance of Xi Jinping's new socialist ideology with Chinese characteristics, we must redouble our efforts to push China from textile giants to textile powers.