The Relativity Of Book Review Opens The Space Of Thinking Innovation

By Zheng Lei

In the process of studying the physical laws of nature, cognition and understanding are developing step by step. The knowledge of physics that many people have learned is actually the physical laws of objects visible to the human eye, which can be called Newtonian physics. There are two other theoretical systems of physics, called quantum physics and cosmic physics, on the extremely small particle scale and the very large cosmic scale that we cannot see without the aid of precise measuring instruments. These are modern physical theories based on Newtonian mechanics. There are two books on the relationship between the three physical systems. One is the evolution of physics by Einstein and infield, the other is quantum space. The former book introduces the transformation from mechanical view to relativistic thought, while the latter further discusses how quantum theory and gravity theory belong to the same relativistic world. Physicists have always had a dream to build a "Tower of Babel" in physics. All physical phenomena, from the smallest particle size to the visible scale of the human eye, to the vast and boundless universe, can be explained by this unified theory. However, Einstein, a great physicist who creatively put forward special relativity and general relativity, failed to achieve his wish all his life. Generations of physicists are still struggling for this dream.

Quantum space

People have a lot of thinking patterns and inertia. For example, Einstein is a great physicist, so we naturally think that he is also an outstanding mathematician. In fact, he is not. Einstein's mathematics is not good enough. He encountered great difficulties in constructing his theory of relativity with mathematical models. His mathematics teacher Minkowski provided him with mathematical tools. At the same time, he also borrowed the idea of Riemannian geometry.

In the history of science and technology development, we have seen many cases like "learning dregs grow up and suddenly become masters of learning". Many Nobel laureates are like this. According to the traditional education standards, they are not good enough or even "quite bad", but they have created scientific achievements that can not be compared with "Xueba" in the usual sense. Perhaps one of the important reasons is the real interest and persistence, the courage to break through the nest (perhaps for this kind of talents, there is no such thinking limit), coupled with persistent efforts and opportunities.

From the physical law of the visible world to the micro and macro invisible world, creativity is actually based on imagination, using the method of thought experiment. For objects visible to the naked eye, the laboratory can often solve the problem. Through visible measurement, people can quickly verify a judgment. At this point, the size and speed of the object are very limited. When the object to be studied is as large as a star, as small as an electron, and its speed is close to the speed of light, everything depends on imagination and logical reasoning of time and space. The transformation of space-time lies in the existence of the transformation factor of velocity. Generally, we can understand the speed far below the speed of light, and according to experience, we are used to imagining the space close to the ground as flat and straight. Therefore, human beings are actually in a straight space-time, which limits people's cognitive ability and thinks that all phenomena must conform to the rules of straight space-time.

The ultimate research object of modern physics is not the concrete matter, but the space-time structure. Time and space are all relative, depending on the scale and motion state of the observer and the observed object. It's hard for ordinary people to get enough understanding because we can't see or see things that are too big (too small), and we can't visualize many motion states. The only thing we know is what the human eye can see and the structure of space and time. It is only a small part of truth that people believe that seeing is believing and that it is truth or truth.

The importance of emancipating the mind is to let imagination break through the limitations of present and experience. When we imagine an object moving at the speed of light, we will come to the conclusion of Einstein's special relativity: "time slows down, space shrinks, mass becomes smaller, and energy becomes larger"; when we imagine ourselves far away from the earth's surface and close to the star's position, the conclusion of general relativity is obvious: space-time is curved, gravity is not Newton's force, gravity itself is a time Empty. The formula of universal gravitation is only an approximate expression with acceptable accuracy when applied to the surface of the earth (the flat space-time of human life).

Quantum space is another world that human beings cannot understand with naked eyes and experience. It is another kind of space-time, which may be more complex than the structure of curved space-time in the universe. Whether a unified theory can be found to accommodate both quantum scale space-time and cosmic curved space-time depends on the fact that these two space-time structures can be transformed into each other through a series of transformations. Physicists are building a theory of quantum gravity, but does gravity on the quantum scale have the same properties as that between the stars? In different temporal and spatial structures, it may not be the affirmative answer. Fortunately, the exploration of this theoretical innovation is not a wild horse. The reason why physics is called science lies in the fact that its ideological achievements can be verified. For example, Einstein's mass energy transformation and starlight bending phenomenon proposed by Einstein's thought experiment have not only been observed by particle physics and astronomy experimenters, but also can accurately match the predicted magnitude. People may not be able to find an equation that covers all things in the universe, but through creativity, we can finally uncover the mystery of the universe.