Pearl River Delta Leather Industry Agglomeration Needs Strengthening Vertical Extension

A large number of heavy industries with unprecedented investment scale are forming new industrial clusters in the Pearl River Delta.

The so-called industrial agglomeration is a number of similar enterprises producing certain products within a suitable large area. The upstream and downstream enterprises that support these enterprises and the related service industries gather together densely, and are divided into horizontal agglomeration and vertical agglomeration.

As the name implies, horizontal agglomeration refers to the concentration of the same type of enterprises in different dimensions, while vertical agglomeration is often driven by one or two large leading enterprises in a region, and a series of small and medium-sized enterprise clusters that have been built and served for them have formed around the periphery, forming an industrial chain related to the upstream, downstream, antenatal, middle and postnatal stages.

Although the Pearl River Delta industrial cluster is at the forefront of the whole country, it also exposes a lot of drawbacks, including lack of vertical agglomeration, lack of vertical correlation and imperfect industrial chain.

Faced with the bottleneck of environmental resources, tanning industry in Foshan Nanhai Luo village has long enjoyed a high reputation. However, heavy metals and waste gas generated in the production process are very serious in water and air pollution.

Although most tannery enterprises have taken some measures, wastewater discharge is still difficult to achieve.

In accordance with the requirements of the state and Guangdong for environmental protection and the long-term development of tannery industry, Luo Village requires the leather enterprises to increase investment in sewage treatment equipment, and to take strong measures to shut, stop, and pfer the enterprises that do not meet the standards of environmental protection.

But the new problem has emerged again. Because most of the local leather enterprises are small in scale, they can not afford the high cost of environmental protection equipment. They can only move, close, or switch to other products.

After a series of harnessing, there is not much left in the village.

Even the cardinal number can not be guaranteed.

The ultimate goal of industrial agglomeration is to sustain development, which is in line with the purpose of circular economy.

At the beginning of this year, the collapse of enterprises in the Pearl River Delta has been raging for a long time. Although it is only the closure and relocation of enterprises, it reflects some drawbacks of the industrial agglomeration in the Pearl River Delta: first, for the present time, the industrial agglomeration in the Pearl River Delta still stays in the traditional industries which are labor-intensive, high energy consumption, low technology content and serious pollution. Two, the government's planning guidance for industrial agglomeration is not enough.

Because the Pearl River Delta industrial agglomeration is driven by marketization, most of them are spontaneously gathered and developed. The planning of industrial planning and industrial chain matching is obviously insufficient, resulting in a large number of industrial isomorphism and serious construction. Three, the "head" and "tail" of the PRD enterprises are all outside, strictly speaking, they can only be regarded as factories or production workshops. Therefore, industrial agglomeration only stays in the processing and production links, and the industrial support is insufficient, which seriously restricts the exertion of cluster advantages.

Many industrial parks, such as industrial agglomeration, lag behind in the planning and construction of infrastructure, and roads, communications, drainage, sewage and other facilities are not matched, seriously affecting the intensive use of land, serious environmental pollution, and detrimental to the sustainable development of the economy and society. Four, the majority of the Pearl River Delta industrial agglomeration is small enterprises.

These enterprises are restricted by scale and production cost, and are generally lack of independent innovation capability, imperfect industrial support, environmental awareness and poor protection.

It is a good thing for vertical agglomeration to strengthen industrial agglomeration itself, which is conducive to the formation of scale effect and the good operation of the whole industrial chain.

However, the Pearl River Delta industrial agglomeration is still at the primary stage of labor division, which is the horizontal agglomeration mentioned above.

This kind of agglomeration is only the concentration of industry in space. It does not take into account the organic integration. It is easy to produce problems such as low specialization, low connection between upstream and downstream industries, and short industrial chain.

Domestic industrial parks are everywhere and are under the banner of "industrial agglomeration". But in fact, most of them are only horizontal agglomeration. The development trend is not conducive to industrial scale and intensification. It will only cause more redundant construction and waste of resources, and run counter to the original intention of industrial agglomeration.

The vertical agglomeration is different. It requires all the gathering areas to concentrate their limited resources in a few fields in order to make further progress and moderately develop some large enterprises in order to lead the division of labor to further development, that is, the "leading enterprise" effect. Some prominent industrial parks often adopt such a mode.

The automobile industry agglomeration in Huadu of Guangzhou is a good example.

In just a few years, Huadu has started almost from scratch. With the help of Guangzhou's industrial structure adjustment and the construction of the "northern superior" strategy of industrial satellite cities, a modern comprehensive automobile city has risen rapidly and has become one of the most competitive international automobile cities in Southern China.

All the successful automobile cities in the world have a world-famous automobile main engine factory, and Huadu is no exception. This is also the main reason for the success of its automobile industry agglomeration: the entry of Fengshen automobile, the first phase of the Huadu motor city's hundreds of tipping lands was quickly taken away by the more than 40 factories near the factory to target the Nissan matching auto parts factory. The establishment of the R & D center made the officials and developers of Huadu Motor City unable to restrain their smiles. The Matthew effect of the automobile industry: the stronger the matching capability, the more attractive the auto parts manufacturers are.

Thus, a complete automobile industry chain is formed.

Despite the weakness of the Pearl River Delta industrial agglomeration, the dust settled in a large number of heavy industrial projects has provided new ideas for industrial agglomeration, especially the strong private capital in the Pearl River Delta. It also injected fresh blood into the development of the Pearl River Delta industrial agglomeration.

The fashion in Dongguan, the aluminum in the South China Sea, the "Mi tou" in Jiangmen, the lights in Zhongshan...

Those who know something about the PRD must be able to tell these local characteristics.

It is the industrial agglomeration that brings these scattered private enterprises together to form a scale effect.

According to statistics, in the Pearl River Delta's 404 towns, more than 100 are professional clusters characterized by industrial clusters. These include Foshan, Zhongshan and Dongguan, which are mainly composed of textile and garment industries, including Foshan, Chaozhou and Yunfu.

Private enterprises get together with specialized towns, and are building the Pearl River Delta into the largest industrial gathering area in the country.

The hot industrial agglomeration is actually similar to the headquarters economic plan advocated by the big cities in the Pearl River Delta.

The participation of the vast number of private enterprises can not only bring together the advantages of small and medium-sized enterprises, establish a complete industrial chain, scale up, but also make up for the disadvantages of individual private enterprises such as capital and resources.

In recent years, the industrial pfer of industrial parks vigorously constructed in the Pearl River Delta region actually started the industrial agglomeration and formed the "energy accumulation ring". However, there is still a lack of clear positioning and planning in practice.

The fundamental reason is that the vertical expansion of industrial agglomeration is not enough.